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“My question today is that if a person is not looking for recognition, appreciation, or reward, then why would he or she do something for the benefit or welfare of another person? Are we not motivated to act in self-interest? In other words, my question is what moves a person to take an altruistic action?” I asked him.

Once again, he had the same proud smile on his face, when he said, “I think it is a big mistake to think that humans are motivated to act only in self-interest. Haven’t you ever seen people stopping and helping others who have met an accident on the road, even though they are completely unknown to them; or rolling down their car windows to give money to the needy, even though they might never see them again; or even just picking up a stone or a similar object lying on a path, that can potentially be a cause of stumbling for someone, even though they don’t know, who that person might be. I cannot see how such acts could generally be ascribed to self-interest.”

“If it is not in self-interest, then why do people do such things,” I asked.

“I think it is quite obvious that such acts make them feel good inside.” He replied.

“When you say ‘such acts make them feel good inside’, who are you referring to? Is it people of a particular country, a particular region, or the whole world? Does it refer to people of our time or to earlier times as well?” I was genuinely curious.

“It is my opinion that this is a universal phenomenon and is equally true for people of all times and all places,” he replied.

“What you are saying is that irrespective of a person’s educational, economic, geographic, or socio-political background, or religious affiliation, whenever one does good for someone else – without any self-serving, ulterior motive – it makes one feel good inside. Is that correct?” I asked.

“Yes. That is my opinion,” he replied.

 

January 3, 2020
(Dubai, UAE)

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“You keep referring to ‘altruism’ as a fundamental good. Can you please explain what exactly do you mean by that?” I asked him.

He smiled at me – a proud smile, which I had now become so used to seeing every time I asked him a question – and asked, “Have you ever done something in which you were only concerned about the welfare of or about satisfying a need of another person, without any other ulterior motive?”

“I don’t know,” I replied, “what do you mean by ‘ulterior motive?’”

“’Ulterior motive’ is a motive that lies beyond what is evident, revealed or declared.” He said. Then recognizing the confusion on my face, continued, “You see, there’s a danger of having an ulterior motive, whenever one does something good. One may be helping an old man cross the road – and this would definitely be a great act of kindness – but, one may be doing this great act of kindness for some other motive, not known to anyone other than himself. For instance, he may be doing it simply to be recognized as a good person by the onlookers, or to win their trust or confidence, or to be appreciated as a helpful individual, or simply to win the heart of someone he admires. But, remember, as I mentioned, this hidden motive will only be known to him. No one besides himself can know it with any degree of certainty unless he himself decides to share it with someone else. So, do you understand what is an ‘ulterior motive’ now?”

“Yes. I think I do. So, coming back to ‘altruism’, I understand that it implies doing something to benefit another person, without desiring to be recognized, appreciated or rewarded in return. Is that correct?” I asked.

“Yes. That is how I see it.” He replied.

January 1, 2020
(Dubai, UAE)

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